Recently, there is nothing to do in the holiday, more professional knowledge. On the one hand as a review, on the other hand to let you know more about the basic knowledge of the car, rather than just look at the car skin.

Article 1 automobile suspension

If the tire is the foot of the car, then the suspension is the leg of the car, because it connects the body to the tire just as the leg connects the foot to the human body. Just like the length and thickness of a person's legs, car suspension also has a myriad of forms.

The preferred explanation is independent from dependent suspension.

Non-independent suspension structure is simple, low production cost, high strength, easy maintenance, small changes in driving positioning, but due to its comfort and handling stability are very general, so in modern cars are slowly replaced by non-independent suspension, currently used in trucks and buses and low-end car models. The advantages of independent suspension are: light weight, effectively reduce the impact of the body, improve the ground adhesion of the wheels; Improve vehicle comfort; Can make the engine position is lowered, the left and right wheel is jumped alone, do not have each other, can reduce the car body tilt and vibration. However, the independent suspension system has the disadvantages of complex structure, high cost and inconvenient maintenance.

McPherson suspension -- the most widely used suspension

Inventor Mcpherson is the university of Illinois state, after the graduation engaged in the study of aircraft engine, joined gm in 1924, in his 30 s, as the chief designer team to focus on developing a Chevrolet compact, Mcpherson change when plate spring and torsion bar spring way of front suspension, creatively will shock absorber and coil spring together, put on the front axle, but when the car is not the final production. Mcpherson soon moved to ford, and in 1950 ford's British subsidiary produced two models that were the world's first Mcpherson suspension commercial vehicles. Because of its simple structure and superior performance, McPherson suspension is known as one of the classic designs in the history of automobiles.

This is a suspension form using shock absorbers for wheel positioning with a prop, the top of the prop is fixed to the body by a rubber insulator, the bottom of the prop is connected with a connecting rod for positioning, the shock absorber for the barrel, installed in the prop. Pillar can slide up and down inside the duct, biggest advantages as simple structure, small occupies a position, after the front wheel Angle will not change by the wheels of beating, in addition to outside of the suspension, the direction of the camber Angle positioning need upper arm, sacrifice space, macpherson suspension due to damping cylinder balancing the function of the upper arm, can increase car room space, in front of the engine exhaust drive before decorate a space for all the cases, this advantage is especially important; The disadvantage is that when driving uneven road surface, the wheel is easy to automatically turn, the reason is that, when subjected to severe impact, the sliding column is easy to cause bending, thus affecting the steering performance.

Although the McPherson suspension system is not the most technically advanced suspension structure, it is still a durable independent suspension system with strong road adaptability. At present, it is widely used in most models at home and abroad.

[2] towed arm suspension

Specially designed for the rear wheel suspension, the front body of the main shaft of the arms combined with the axle and axle, the body of the spindle rotation axis perpendicular to the center line of the body, i.e. straight to the rear, trailing arm type of structure for the body of the spindle direct combination in the body, then combines the spindle in the suspension system, then the components are installed in the body, springs and shock absorbers are usually installed separately or constitute an organic whole, standing near the installed on the axle. The movement of the suspension itself, the supporting arm moves with the axis perpendicular to the center line of the body, that is, the axis parallel to the axle as the center, the axle is not inclined to the body, at any position of movement, the axle is parallel to the body, the change of camber of the body is zero. Its biggest advantage is that the space of left and right two wheels is larger, and the camber Angle of the body does not change, the shock absorber does not produce bending stress, so the friction is small, when the brake in addition to the heavy head will sink, the rear wheel of the drag arm will also sink to balance the body, and its disadvantage is that it cannot provide accurate geometric control.

[3] multi-link suspension

Multi-link suspension system is a suspension system composed of 3-5 rods to control the wheel position. It can make the wheel swing around the axis of the longitudinal axis of the car at a certain Angle, which is a compromise between the transverse arm type and the longitudinal arm type. The main advantage of the multi-link suspension system is that the change of the wheel pitch and the front beam is small when the wheels beat, no matter the car is in the driving, braking state can be carried out smoothly according to the driver's intention, its disadvantage is the car at high speed when the shaft swing phenomenon.

Don't say you know anything about cars! Do you know all this about cars?

Multi-link suspension not only can ensure a certain comfort, and because of more links, can make the wheels and the ground as far as possible to keep vertical, as far as possible to reduce the body tilt. The maximum possible maintenance of flat tire. Its control performance and two double cross arm suspension, plenty of high-grade cars because of the space, and pay attention to the comfort and handling stability performance, so mostly use the multi-link suspension, to say the multi-link suspension luxury cars is the perfect partner, after connecting rod type suspension is more under the tide of modern automobile comfort and an inevitable trend.

[4] transverse arm suspension

The transverse arm type suspension system refers to the independent suspension system in which the wheels swing in the transverse plane of the automobile. Single transverse arm has the advantages of simple structure, high roll center and strong roll resistance. However, with the improvement of the speed of modern cars, the excessive roll center will cause the wheel pitch to change greatly when the wheels jump, and the tires will get more worn. Moreover, the excessive vertical force transfer of the left and right wheels in the sharp turn will lead to the increase of the roll of the rear wheels, which reduces the lateral stiffness of the rear wheels. Single crossarm independent suspension system is mostly used in rear suspension system, but it is seldom used at present because it can't meet the requirement of high speed. According to whether the upper and lower transverse arms are equal in length, the double transverse arm type suspension system is divided into two types: equal length double transverse arm type and unequal length double transverse arm type. Equal length double transverse arm type suspension system in the wheel up and down jump, can keep the kingpin Angle unchanged, but the wheel pitch change is large (and single transverse arm type similar), cause serious wear tires, has been rarely used. For the unequal length double transverse arm suspension system, as long as the length of the upper and lower transverse arm is properly selected and optimized, and the positioning parameters of the wheel base and front wheel can be changed within the acceptable limits through reasonable arrangement, so as to ensure the vehicle has good driving stability. At present, unequal length double crossarm suspension system has been widely used in the front and rear suspension system of cars, some sports cars and racing car rear wheel also use this suspension system structure.

This world wonderful work very much, of course, suspension is various and ever in our country are all the rage of models have been using super wonderful work "transverse spring steel front suspension", and more exotic flower is guangdong traffic vocational and technical college is also a teacher of this wonderful work suspension on a very professional analysis and study, and published a paper in 2009, no. "journal of mechanical design". Do you know which model this car is? Attached picture (yes, this is the front suspension!!)